"Although Bowlby was primarily focused on understanding the
nature of the infant-caregiver relationship, he believed that attachment
characterized human experience from "the cradle to the grave." It was
not until the mid-1980's, however, that researchers began to take seriously the
possibility that attachment processes may play out in adulthood. Hazan and Shaver
(1987) were two of the first researchers to explore Bowlby's ideas in the
context of romantic relationships. According to Hazan and Shaver, the emotional
bond that develops between adult romantic partners is partly a function of the
same motivational system--the attachment behavioral system--that gives rise to
the emotional bond between infants and their caregivers. Hazan and Shaver noted
that the relationship between infants and caregivers and the relationship
between adult romantic partners share the following features:
both feel safe when the other is nearby and responsive
both engage in close, intimate, bodily contact
both feel insecure when the other is inaccessible
both share discoveries with one another
both play with one another's facial features and exhibit a
mutual
fascination and preoccupation with one another
both engage in "baby talk"
On the basis of these parallels, Hazan and Shaver argued
that adult romantic relationships, like infant-caregiver relationships, are
attachments, and that romantic love is a property of the attachment behavioral
system, as well as the motivational systems that give rise to caregiving and
sexuality."
This is the most direct and simple explanation from Chris Fraley from University of Illinoise
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